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Wednesday 27 April 2016

mom junction - can u scuba during pregnant ??

Can You Scuba Dive While Pregnant?

As an adventure sports lover, scuba diving is probably one of your go to activities to wind down. However, now that you are expecting is it wise to continue scuba diving? Can it endanger your unborn baby or lead to complications at birth? If you can relate to the questions, or you are looking for more information on scuba diving while pregnant, consider reading the post below!

What Is Scuba Diving?

Scuba diving is a recreational activity where a person dives or swims underwater for a longer time span. The diver carries a tank of compressed air, which makes it easy to breathe underwater. The word scuba stands for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, as the diver carries the breathing apparatus during the activity. People take part in scuba diving for recreational purposes, as they can explore the majestic creations underwater while scientists and marine biologists also scuba dive for scientific reasons.

Can You Scuba Dive While Pregnant?

Before you indulge in any recreational activity while you are expecting, be sure to consult your gynecologist. There is no medical evidence to support that scuba diving is harmful to expectant moms. However, in most cases, doctors usually prohibit scuba diving when pregnant.

Scuba diving creates gas bubbles in your unborn baby’s blood and it can impose several health complexities. For such reasons, doctors advise pregnant women against scuba diving. If you must indulge your love for exploring the sea, a half hour snorkeling session is the way to go about it. Snorkeling along the water surface is safer than deep sea scuba diving for pregnant mommies

Risks Of Scuba Diving During Pregnancy:

It is unclear whether scuba diving is unsafe for pregnant women, but it can lead to certain risks for pregnant women. We list some of them below:

Decompression Illness (DCI):

During pregnancy, your fetus carries oxygenated blood while remaining within the placenta.

Your fetus does not have the lungs that can filter nitrogen. When you scuba dive, the air passes to your fetus, it cannot expel the bubbles from the blood.

In increases the likelihood that the bubbles travel and move around your fetus’ vital organs like spine and brain.

Risk Of Fetal Complexities:

Scuba diving creates gas bubbles in your baby’s blood and increases risks of miscarriages and abnormalities.

Some possible health risks associated with scuba diving during pregnancy are birth defects, low birth weight, and neonatal respiratory problems.

Risk Of Developmental Abnormalities:

A range of developmental abnormalities occurs due to hyperbaric exposure that occurs while you are scuba diving.

Some potential development abnormities prone to occur in your fetus are premature delivery, limb weakness associated with decompression sickness bubbles in the amniotic fluid, malformed limbs, abnormal development of the heart, and abnormal skull development.

Risk To Mothers:

In addition to the possible risk to the fetus, scuba diving can also impose a risk on you.

During pregnancy, the abdomen grows and the shape of the body changes that makes diving more problematic than normal.

A woman cannot fit into the swimming costumes easily, and the poorly fitted gear increases the risk of potential hazards.

Entry of water into the mucous membranes makes the mother difficult to hear, and nausea increases her discomfort.

Health Benefits Of Scuba Dive During Pregnancy:

While, it isn’t advisable to scuba dive during pregnancy, there are some health benefits of the same, which include:

1.Improves Body Flexibility:

Scuba diving is an adventure sport that offers great physical, physiological, emotional benefits to the expectant mothers.

When you dive in the water, every inch of your body muscle stretches to float and swim constantly.

Stretching the muscles improves your body elasticity, and you develop great flexibility and endurance.

Scuba diving helps awaken the unused muscles of your body like the muscles of your thighs and shoulders.

Increased body flexibility helps prepare you for your labor and childbirth.

2.Improves Blood Circulation:

During pregnancy, the blood circulation needs to be proper so that the blood and oxygen reach the growing fetus effectively. A restricted blood supply imposes adverse effects on your pregnancy and can even lead to cause sudden miscarriage.

In scuba diving, all the body muscles work simultaneously and help your body perform a full-fledged cardiovascular workout.

Each working muscle requires an adequate supply of oxygen. During diving, the heart provides enough oxygen for your blood, and the blood circulates in a regulated manner.

Hence, scuba diving is often claimed to be a great cardiovascular exercise.

3.Reduces Blood Pressure:

Hypertension is a common occurrence in pregnancy that imposes negative impacts on your pregnancy.

Scuba diving helps to lower your blood pressure level.

Researchers conclude that diving on a regular basis reduces the risks of stroke and heart attacks.

4. Improves Respiratory System:

Scuba diving keeps your lungs fit and improves your respiration process.

During diving, you intake sufficient amount of air, and you exercise your lungs by expanding them to absorb more oxygen from the gas tank.

5. Relieves Stress:

Diving is a relaxing experience that improves your body’s circulatory and respiratory systems.

The soothing environment beneath the ocean or lake water helps you attain peace of mind.

Scuba diving helps in relieving stress from work, anxieties, and social problems. The activity takes you away from your stressful life.

6. Relieves Acute Pain:

In scuba diving, your body remains suspended in water temporarily that alleviates the aches and pains associated with pregnancy.

Your swollen joints retain less water than normal, and the sore muscles feel relief from acute pain.

A Word Of Caution:

If you indulge in scuba diving, your unborn fetus is at a greater risk.

Some of the potential health complexities include :

decompression sickness,
hypoxia,
asphyxia, and
hypercapnia.

During pregnancy if you choose to dive against medical advice, you should remain aware of the potential fetus deformities as you reach to the no-decompression limits.

Most of the doctor advises the pregnant women not to practice scuba diving during pregnancy, as the amount of nitrogen present in the blood can distress the fetal development.

It is recommended not to dive underwater after the 4th week of pregnancy. During the early phase of pregnancy, scuba diving imposes less harm to your fetus. It is because of the fact, that during the early phase the mother and the baby do not share the same blood that they do in later pregnancy phase.

To conclude, we can say that pregnant women shouldn’t scuba dive while pregnant. If you must exercise while expecting, consider some prenatal yoga, aerobics, or swimming.

Did you scuba dive during pregnancy?

Did your doctor permit you to dive in your later phase of pregnancy?

Share your experience about scuba diving and pregnancy with other would-be mommies here!

Ocean Explorer - about

Scuba Diving

The self-contained underwater breathing apparatus

scuba diving system,

as we know it today, is the result of technological developments and innovations that began almost 300 years ago.

Scuba diving is the most extensively used system for breathing underwater by recreational divers throughout the world, and in various forms is also widely used to perform underwater work for military, scientific and commercial purposes.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Scuba diving has many advantages over free diving, mixed gas, helmeted, saturation, and other forms of “technical” diving.

Scuba divers have great freedom of movement under water because they swim with fins and without heavy equipment.

The gear is relatively inexpensive, simple to operate and maintain, and requires a small support crew, or none at all.

Despite all of these apparent advantages, recreational scuba also has its drawbacks. These include no direct link between the diver and the surface; no method of communicating with the diver or monitoring his activities; limited dive time (since the diver must carry all of his air in a tank); and limited depth (since decompression diving is normally avoided due to the limited quantity of air in the tanks).

Essential Equipment

In addition to a mask and fins, basic recreational scuba equipment consists of a cylinder of compressed air attached to a two-stage "demand regulator." The regulator lowers the air pressure in “steps” from the cylinder and dispenses it to the diver as needed.

Cylinders for scuba diving are made of steel or aluminum alloy, and are designed to operate safely at pressures ranging from 2,250 to 3,500 pounds per square inch (psi).

As a means of comparison, air pressure at sea level is only about 15 psi.

One of the most commonly used types of diving cylinders is made of aluminum alloy, and has a capacity (the quantity of gas that can be compressed into the cylinder) of 80 cubic feet.

The amount of time that it takes a diver to use up all of the air in the dive cylinder is dependent on several factors, including the diver’s breathing rate and the depth to which the diver descends (the deeper the dive, the greater the amount of air used). All cylinders used by scuba divers should be inspected internally at least once a year for damage and corrosion.

The primary function of the “demand regulator” attached to the diving cylinder is to reduce the high-pressure gas supplied by the scuba cylinder to the ambient pressure surrounding the diver at depth.

If the diver were to breathe compressed air directly from the cylinder, it could easily rupture his lungs. The reduction of air pressure from the diving cylinder to the diver is accomplished in two steps.

The first stage of the regulator, which attaches to the cylinder valve, reduces the high pressure in the cylinder to an intermediate pressure approximately 140 psi over ambient pressure.

This intermediate pressure fills a low-pressure hose that connects the first stage of the regulator to the second stage.

The second stage, contained in the diver’s mouthpiece, reduces the intermediate pressure to the ambient pressure. The regulator is known as a “demand regulator” because it only supplies air when the diver “demands” it; that is, gas flows through the regulator only when the diver inhales.

Critical for Safety

Other devices, while not directly involved in the breathing circuit of the recreational scuba diver, are nonetheless critical for safety.

These include a pressure gauge, depth gauge, and dive timer.

These instruments inform the diver about the amount of air left in the cylinder, her depth in the water, and how much time has been spent underwater.

A diver who exceeds the prescribed depth or time spent underwater may become susceptible to nitrogen narcosis and/or decompression sickness, which can be fatal.

Two additional items generally considered essential for the scuba diver are a “BC” or “BCD” (buoyancy compensator device) and a dive knife.

Almost all BCs are worn like a vest and include a band for mounting the air cylinder. The BC contains an air bladder that the diver inflates or deflates to maintain control over buoyancy, thereby avoiding uncontrolled ascents and descents.

In addition to the BC, few divers enter the water without a dive knife.

Most divers carry them in the event that they become entangled in a line, net, or some other gear and need to cut themselves free.

A dive knife can also be used as a signaling device by banging it against a dive cylinder.

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scuba dude

Health & Diving

The Heart & Diving

How Diving Affects,

Your Health

&

Circulatory System

How Diving Affects Your Health and Circulatory System

Scuba diving exposes you to many effects, including ;

immersion,

cold,

hyperbaric gases,

elevated breathing pressure,

exercise and

stress,

as well as a pos tdive risk of gas bubbles circulating in your blood.

Your heart's capacity to support an elevated blood output decreases with age and with disease.

Having a healthy heart is of the utmost importance to your safety while scuba diving as well as to your ability to exercise generally and your life span.

The information in this series is devoted to helping you understand how heart disease can affect you while you're diving and how you can promote optimal heart health.

Effects of Immersion

immersion in water near the temperature of the human body exposes your body to a pressure gradient, which shifts blood from the vessels in your legs to those in your chest cavity.

This increases the volume of blood within your chest by up to 24 ounces (700?milliliters). Your heart thus takes in an additional 6 to 8 ounces (180 to 240 milliliters) of blood, resulting in an enlargement of all four chambers, an increase in pressure in your right atrium, a more than 30-percent increase in cardiac output and a slight increase in your overall blood pressure.

Baroreceptors (sensors that perceive a change in blood pressure) within your body's major vessels react to all these changes by decreasing the activity of your sympathetic nervous system, which governs what's popularly called the "fight-or-flight" response.

As a result, your heart rate declines and the concentration in your plasma of norepinephrine, a hormone of the sympathetic nervous system drops; in response to the drop in norepinephrine, your kidneys excrete more sodium, and your urine production increases.

Effects of Cold

Water has high thermal conductivity — that is, your body loses more heat when you're immersed in water than when you're in dry air.

You'll feel more comfortable at a given air temperature than when you're immersed in water of the same temperature.

And when your body loses heat, that intensifies the narrowing of your peripheral blood vessels (a condition known as "peripheral vasoconstriction").

This in turn sends more blood to your heart, which increases the filling pressure on the right side of your heart and makes it pump more blood.

Constriction of the body's small arteries also increases the resistance to blood flowing through the periphery of your body, which raises your blood pressure, meaning your heart has to exert itself more to maintain an adequate flow of blood throughout your body.

Effects of Pressure

Breathing air under increased pressure,

as you do when scuba diving, also affects your heart and circulatory system. Increased levels of oxygen cause vasoconstriction,

increase your blood pressure and reduce your heart rate and heart output.

And increased levels of carbon dioxide — which may accumulate in the body when you exercise during a dive, due to reduced pulmonary ventilation caused by dense gases — can increase the flow of blood through your brain, which can speed up oxygen toxicity if you're breathing a hyperoxic gas mix (one with an elevated level of oxygen).

Effects of Exercise

Diving can be very physically demanding,

but recreational divers have the option of choosing diving conditions and activities that typically do not require a lot of exertion.

Nevertheless, any dive places some metabolic energy demands on your body.

For example, slow, leisurely swimming on the surface represents a moderate-intensity activity, while swimming with fins on the surface requires up to 40 percent less energy than barefoot swimming.

But the addition of scuba equipment increases drag on the swimmer and thus the energy cost of swimming.

A 1996 paper in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise showed that wearing just one scuba tank may increase a diver's energy consumption by 25 percent over regular surface swimming at the same speed and that using a dry-suit may result in another 25 percent increase in energy consumption.

Most dives at neutral buoyancy and with no current require only short intervals of intermittent swimming at a slow pace and thus represent low- to moderate-intensity exercise.

Exercise intensity is measured by a value known as metabolic equivalent (MET), with 1 MET representing the amount of energy consumed when at rest.

It is suggested that divers be able to sustain exercise at 6 METs for a period of 20 to 30 minutes. Since people can sustain only about 50 percent of their peak exercise capacity for a protracted period, it is recommended that divers be able to pass an exercise stress test at 12 METs.

Effects of Stress

Your autonomic nervous system (ANS) — the largely involuntary system that regulates internal functions such as your heart rate, respiratory rate and digestion — is affected by diving, too.

Among the components of the ANS are the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems; while the sympathetic system governs your body's "fight-or-flight" response, the parasympathetic system governs resting functions and helps your body conserve energy.

In healthy individuals, diving generally increases parasympathetic effects, preserving the heart rate and a measure known as heart rate variability.

A dive that is perceived as stressful, however, pushes the ANS in the other direction, meaning sympathetic effects prevail — resulting in an increase in the heart rate, a decline in heart rate variability and an increase in the risk of arrhythmia.

Serious Adverse Effects

Most of the effects that diving has on your heart and circulatory system fall within your body's capacity to adapt, but sometimes serious adverse reactions can occur.

A reaction known as bradyarrhythmia (a very slow and irregular heartbeat) can cause sudden death upon a diver's entry into the water, especially in individuals with a preexisting rhythm anomaly.

Conversely, tachyarrhythmia (a very rapid and irregular heartbeat) can also cause sudden death, especially in divers with structural or ischemic heart disease.

And overexertion or the effects of stress may strain the heart and result in acute manifestations of previously undiagnosed ischemic heart disease.

Breath-hold diving can have particularly serious adverse cardiac effects;

these effects occur in quick succession in a response known as the "diving reflex." Its most significant elements include bradycardia (a slowing of the heart rate); the peripheral vasoconstriction reaction described above; and progressive hypoxia (or lack of an adequate supply of oxygen).